Jakarta – Fahmy Radhi, seorang ahli energi dari Universitas Gadjah Mada, mendorong agar PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (INCO) mencatatkan aset dan cadangan mereka di Indonesia, mengingat saat ini aset dan cadangan Vale terdaftar di Kanada. Fahmy berpendapat bahwa pencatatan ini sangat penting dan mendesak karena tambang Vale yang menghasilkan aset tersebut terletak di Indonesia.
Fahmy menyampaikan, “Saya percaya bahwa pencatatan tersebut menjadi hal yang sangat mendesak karena sumber daya tambang Vale terletak di Indonesia, oleh karena itu, aset dan cadangan tersebut seharusnya dicatat di Indonesia.” ungkap Fahmy kepada CNBC, Senin (3/7/2023).
Kepemilikan Saham Mayoritas PT Vale Indonesia
Menurutnya, pencatatan ini sangat penting untuk segera direalisaskan di dalam negeri. Dengan demikian, sumber daya, cadangan maupun aset milik Vale akan terkonsolidasi di dalam buku kekayaan negara Indonesia.
Selain pencatatan aset dan cadangan, kepemilikan saham mayoritas PT Vale Indonesia oleh negara menurutnya merupakan harga mati. Pasalnya, setelah 50 tahun lebih Vale beroperasi di Indonesia, pemerintah hanya menggenggam kepemilikan saham sebesar 20% melalui MIND ID.
Menurut Fahmy, menjadi pengendali PT Vale Indonesia akan membuat Pemerintah Indonesia lebih leluasa dalam pengambilan keputusan. Misalnya, dalam menetapkan jajaran direksi dan kebijakan lainnya seperti hilirisasi.
“Itu akan diputuskan dalam komposisi pemegang saham kalau misalnya kita mayoritas sebagai pengendali dan kita mengatakan bahwa bangun smelter untuk hilirisasi itu akan dilakukan,” katanya.
Hal senada diungkapkan Ekonom Center of Reform on Economics (CORE) Indonesia Yusuf Rendy Manilet. Yusuf juga mendorong agar pencatatan aset dan cadangan nikel PT Vale Indonesia dapat dilakukan di Indonesia.
Menurut Yusuf, dengan pencatatan aset dan cadangan Vale dilakukan di Indonesia, maka hal tersebut akan memberikan efek berganda (multiplier effect) ke perekonomian, serta penerimaan negara.
“Kalau aset itu ditempatkan di Indonesia, tentu akan memberikan efek dalam bentuk misalnya pencatatan nilai investasi yang dilakukan di dalam negeri, dan juga bukan tidak mungkin bisa mendorong efek multiplier lain dalam perekonomian,” ungkap Yusuf kepada CNBC Indonesia, Senin (3/7/2023).
Selain itu, dari sisi perpajakan, pencatatan cadangan dan aset yang dilakukan di dalam negeri juga akan lebih menguntungkan bagi Pemerintah Indonesia. Dengan demikian, proses pencatatan cadangan dan aset ini menjadi hal yang cukup krusial, selain besarnya nilai saham Vale.
“Tentu tidak hanya masalah besarnya nilai saham yang ada di Vale, tetapi juga bagaimana rencana divestasi ini, juga kemudian bisa memberikan dampak tidak langsung dalam konteks ini, misalnya penerimaan negara dalam bentuk pajak dengan cara pencatatan aset dan cadangan Vale yang dilakukan di Indonesia,” kata dia.
Sebelumnya, Anggota Komisi VII DPR RI dari Fraksi Partai Gerindra Ramson Siagian mengungkapkan, selama ini pemegang saham Vale asal Kanada, Vale Canada Limited yang menguasai 43,79% saham PT Vale Indonesia, mencatatkan aset dan cadangan dari tambang di Indonesia sebagai miliknya dan tercatat di Kanada.
Padahal, berdasarkan Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) 1945, sumber daya yang ada di Tanah Air harus dikuasai negara, atau melalui Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN).
“Kadang ini bisa dibuat financial engineering nilainya jadi berapa, ini yang tercatat di Kanada, Pak. Ini yang perlu agar terkonsolidasi pencatatannya itu bisa dilakukan di Indonesia oleh negara melalui instrumen negara yang ada sesuai dengan Pasal 33 UUD 1945, antara lain BUMN,” tuturnya dalam rapat.
Dia pun mendesak pencatatan aset Vale di Indonesia ini juga bisa menjadi salah satu syarat Pemerintah Indonesia yang akan memberikan perpanjangan Kontrak Karya (KK) Vale menjadi Izin Usaha Pertambangan Khusus (IUPK) pada 2025 mendatang.
Seperti diketahui, per Juni 2023 ini kepemilikan saham MIND ID di PT Vale Indonesia baru sebesar 20%. Sementara sisanya dimiliki oleh Vale Canada Ltd 43,79%, Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd 15,03%, dan publik 21,18%.
Sementara, apabila MIND ID hanya mengambil 11% lagi, holding BUMN tambang ini hanya akan memegang 31% saham di PT Vale Indonesia. Pasalnya, dari saham publik sebesar 21,18%, lebih dari separuh atau setara 59,47% dikuasai pemodal asing.
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